Noun and Cases English for Osssc group-c (statistical field surveyor, Ari,Amin, Forest Guard),Mts,SI, Constable, Railway etc.
NOUN
◾Verb:-
Types of verb:-
V¹ V² V³ V⁴ V⁵
Eat Ate Eaten Eating Eats
V¹:- Plural
V²,V³ and V⁴:- Has no Singular and Plural form
V⁴:- V¹ + ing
V⁵:- Singular ( V¹ + s/es)
Concept:- Subject (Singular)--Verb(Singular)
Subject (Plural)--Verb(Plural)
Singular:- (Noun-Sub.) (s/es/N+ and +N)
Boys(Plural) :- Noun becomes plural by adding s/es.
Plural:- (Verb)(s/es)
Verb becomes singular,
Ex:- goes,eats etc.
V¹=
* Simple present is used.
Sub. + V¹ + OW
Plural Plural
To + V¹ :- Agar 'V¹' ke sath 'To' ho to wo verb nehi noun ban jayega.
To + V¹ :- Subject (Noun) + Verb (Singular)
V² =
* Sub. + V² + OW use in Simple past.
V³=
* No Singular no Plural
* Used in Perfect(Finished action)
* V³ is not possible without auxiliary verb.
V³ + N
V³ + is/was + V³
V⁴=
* Use in present
* S + is/am/are/was/were + v⁴
* Subject (singular) + verb (singular)
Example:-
# Walking is good.
# Smoking is injurious.
Types of Noun.
* Countable Noun:-(Common,Proper, Collective)
* Uncountable Noun:-(Material, Abstract)
Definition of Noun:-
1:- COMMON NOUN:-
It shows the caste and class.
Example:- The teacher is teaching (✓)
The students are reading (×)
Students are reading (✓)
Common Error in the use of Common Noun.
Rule:-1 Article is used before common noun.
Rule:-2 When common noun is used as singular it takes singular verb and article is used with it.
Rule:-3 When common noun is used as plural it takes plural verb and normally no article is used before it .
2:- PROPER NOUN:-
Proper noun is the name of some particular place,thing or anyone.
Example:- India,Ram,Shyam.
Common Error in the use of Proper Noun.
Rule:-1 Normally no article is used before proper noun.
Rule:-2 Proper noun is used as singular and takes singular verb.
Rule:-3 Proper noun is always be written with capital latter.
3:- COLLECTIVE NOUN:-
Collect ----- Verb
If 'ion' is added it becomes 99% noun and if 'ive' is added it becomes adjective.
The noun that shows collection is called collective noun.
Common Error in the use of Collective Noun:-
(i) A group of boys is coming in the hall.(×)
(ii) A group of boys are coming in the hall.(×)
(iii) A group of boy coming in the hall.(×)
(iv) A group of boy is coming into the hall. (✓)
Explanation of 'in' and 'into'.
* In:- 'in' is used to talk about position.
* Into:- 'into' is used to talk about Directions and destinations.
Jiss sentence me 'of' laga ho toh usme subject according to collective word ata hai.
List of collective word.
# A team of player.
# A commitee of members.
# A galaxy of stars.
# A shwarm of insects.
# A gang of bandits. Etc.
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4:- MATERIAL NOUN:-
A noun that can be measured or weight but can't be counted is called Material Noun.
Ex:- Milk, Wood, Fish, Rice, Sugar etc.
Common Error in the use of Material Noun.
Rule:-1 Normally 90% no article is used before material noun.
Rule:-2 Material Noun is always used as singular and takes singular verb.
Example:-
# A Gold is frecious metal.(×)
# Gold is a frecious metal.(✓)
# The fish can't live without water.(×)
# Fish can't live without water.(✓)
# I am going to buy 4 golden fishes.(✓)
Material Noun used in singular but here it is golden fish and it is countable if there is no 'golden' written then 'fishes' becomes wrong. Because of 'golden' the sentences become right .
Example:-
# Dregs is lying inside the road (×)
# Dregs are lying inside the road.(✓)
"Dregs" is the only word which is uncountable plural noun and it takes plural verb.
5:- ABSTRACT NOUN:-
The noun that can neither be seen nor be touched but can be felt is called 'Abstract Noun'.
Common Error in the use of Abstract Noun
* The history is a difficult subject.(×)
* History is a difficult subject.(✓)
* The history of S.K. Pandey is good.(×)
* The history of S.K. Pandey are good.(✓)
Rule:-1 90% abstract noun is used as singular and take singular verb.
Rule:-2 Normally no article is used before abstract noun.
Rule:-3 Ab kisi name of subject ka name kisi person se jod diya jaye to ye ho jata hai 'plural' or apne sath 'plural verb' leta hai or iske sath article 'The" bi lagta hai.
NOUN:- Noun is nothing but it is the combination of person, genders, numbers, case .
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